S smooth texture, s shrunken texture the purpose of our lab was to examine the traits exhibited on the kernels of corn found on five different rows and discern the genotypes of the parents of the ear. These phenotypes and numbers are entered in columns 1 and 2 of the following table 2. Each corn kernel seed has a dormant embryo and an enhanced nutritive layer known as the endosperm, which will support the growing embryo until it germinates and can begin providing for itself via photosynthesis. Home my courses 19wncmp bio12320103 week 6 genetics of corn lab report started on sunday. The poor fit indicates that the hypothesis ppss x ppss is probably incorrect. So in the corn lab, a kernel of corn has an equal chance of being purple and plump as it does purple and wrinkled or yellow and plump vs yellow and wrinkled because the alleles separate into gametes independently of one another during meiosis when the gametes are being formed and the chromosomes with the genes are separating. Chisquare analysis, with corn genetics in this investigation, you will analyze the physical traits, or phenotypes, of f 2 generation ears of corn produced from monohybrid and dihybrid crosses. Corn genetics lab report dsudesh2000 formulated the basic laws of genetics through his studies of pea plants. Corn a diploid organism has been widely used to study and illustrate mendelian traits. Formulated the basic laws of genetics through his studies of pea plants. Corn genetics chi square analysis tonybloglabreports. Be sure to use the same five rows for each calculation. To calculate the ratio, divide each number by the smaller of the two numbers. Corn genetic integrated science corn silks hairs are actually the female flower stigmas.
Corn genetics and chi square analysis 7302015 chi square analysis answer key corn genetics. To observe phenotypes and use chi square analysis to determine if results are of good fit. The endosperm nucleus develops into a mass of tissue the endosperm, which surrounds the embryo. Work with your lab partner and record the number below.
First we will use punnett square diagrams to predict the results of various monohybrid crosses. Mendelian inheritance in corn the study of genetics and inheritance is concerned with understanding the biological properties that are transmitted from parent to offspring. In the early part of the season, the whole cob could be eaten in its entirety as with baby corn but later in the season the kernels become harder and are best eaten cooked. The pollen transfers to the stigmas pollenization and grow a tube down into the ovary to fertilize the ovules eggs. Bio2450l genetics laboratory manual cuny academic works. Each corn kernel seed has a dormant embryo and an enhanced nutritive layer known as the endosperm, which will support the growing embryo until it germinates and can begin providing for. Compare the ratio of purple to yellow corn in the population. In my biology honors class, my lab group and i conducted an experiment to apply our newfound knowledge of genetics using multicolored and multi textured corn. A solutions manual containing worked solutions of all the supplemental.
S smooth texture, s shrunken texture the purpose of our lab was to examine the traits exhibited on the kernels of corn found on five different rows and discern the genotypes of the parents of the ear of corn. What were the phenotypes of the mama and papa corn plants that gave rise to your cob of babes. Using the ratio of contrasting phenotypic traits in an ear of corn, you. Monohybrid genetics with corn kit overview storing your kit objectives expectations required knowledge this kit is written primarily as a genetics lab for an introductory high school or middle school biology course. At the top of the corn plant are the male flowers that produce the pollen sperm. If you are using this kit with less experienced biology students, you may need to. With knowledge of inheritance, plants and animals have been developed that are more productive and, in some cases, have more nutrients. Genetic diversity assessed by microsatellite markers in sweet corn. Genotyping by sequencing gbs makes use of high throughput, shortread sequencing to provide low cost genotyping with high information. In the photo, there are four grain phenotypes in the ear of genetic corn. Mitosis is the mechanism by which the chromosomes of eukaryotes are.
Mendelian genetics 3 homozygous organism has two of the same allele for a particular gene locus heterozygous organism has two different alleles for a particular gene monogenic trait trait controlled by only one gene e. Individuals 5 and 14 in the third generation come to you and ask, what is the probability that if. Corn is the ideal organism for introducing students to mendelian genetics. The the second part of the lab corn is a dihybrid cross of two monohybrids. By counting the corn babies each kernel is a baby, you can investigate the principle of independent assortment. Count the number of smooth and shrunken seeds on the. Use sampling to determine phenotypic ratios of a visible trait in the corn. Students study the inheritance of grain color using ears of corn. This laboratory investigates a dihybrid cross as shown in the above photo of an ear of corn. The outer layer of cells of the endosperm is called the aleurone.
Applying genotyping by sequencing gbs to corn genetics and breeding. He determined that individuals have two alternate forms of a gene two alleles for each trait in their body cells. This is a complete genetics lab for advanced high school classes or introductory collegelevel classes. The four different genes and grain types are identified in.
John doebley laboratory of genetics, university of wisconsin, madison, wisconsin 53706. Pdf ten early sweet corn inbred lines were studied for estimating components of. Mendelian inheritance in corn gulf coast state college. To build comprehension of mendelian genetics by analyzing test crosses in corn to study human chromosomes and understand the consequences of chromosomal abnormalities that occur during meiosis lab background. Use corn to study genetic crosses, recognize contrasting phenotypes, collect data from f 2 ears of corn, and analyze the results from monohybrid and dihybrid crosses, study dominance, segregation, and independent assortment of. Form hypotheses about genotypic and phenotypic ratios in the f2 generation of corn crosses. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. A cross between individuals that involves one pair of contrasting traits is called a monohybrid cross. There are several traits in the corn seed type the traits in. Corn seeds normal and albino seeds carolina biological supply company has several good corn trait kits that give students a chance for hands on study of corn and other organisms for dominant and recessive traits. Corn is cool, because an ear of corn is just a whole bunch of babies held in one place. Corn kernels express numerous phenotypes that are easy to recognize.
Form hypotheses about genotypic and phenotypic ratios in the f2 generation of corn. Abstract even with gmos being one of the most talked about and controversial topics in the food and agricultural world today, it is impossible for the average consumer to see whether or not their food contains gmos or not. Corn planting materials grown corn will be used for lesson 7. In corn, the dominant gene r, determines the presence of colored aleurone. This ear of corn was produced by a dihybrid cross ppss x ppss involving two pairs of heterozygous genes resulting in a.
Scavenger hunt worksheet laminated pictures of corn and plants if real plants are unavailable pea and corn seeds magnifying glass genetics genomics posters internet access optional preparation. This ear of corn was produced by a dihybrid cross ppss x ppss involving two pairs of heterozygous genes resulting in a theoretical expected ratio of 9. The amazing maize investigating dihybrid crosses about this lesson this activity can be used to supplement a unit on genetics. Table 2 above shows the raw data for our third ear of corn we used a test cross corn cob table 3 shows the calculations we did to get the chi square value for our third ear of corn. Applying genotyping by sequencing gbs to corn genetics. Since there can be two expressions of the same gene, then it can be concluded that there are two versions of the same gene. Understand the principles and terms used in mendelian genetics.
Full text get a printable copy pdf file of the complete article 761k, or click on a page image below to browse page by page. Carolinatm quantitative analysis and statistics for ap biology s1 investigation 1. Detecting genetically modified organisms in every day food 202014 gmo lab report by. Laboratory 5 mendelian genetics university of miami. Students counted the number of purple and yellow kernels, counted the number of smooth and shrunken kernels and then used a chi square analysis to show that a 9. By counting the number of corn kernels by color and texture, we were able to make inferences about the hereditary information alleles which were passed down from the parents. Purple and smooth, purple and wrinkled, yellow and smooth, and yellow and wrinkled.
Genetics in the laboratory national dna day april 25, 2008. Monohybrid genetics with corn kit teacher s manual 5 the zygote develops into an embryo that becomes dormant during the seed stage of the corn life cycle. On two monohybrid corn, count the number of purple and yellow kernels and the smooth and shrunken kernels. Can you infer from this data which trait is dominant and which is recessive.
Pdf genetic inheritance of some important characters of sweet. Also in corn, the dominant gene su produces the endosperm phenotype smooth. Purple and smooth a, purple and shrunken b, yellow and smooth c, yellow. What were the class averages for yellow and purple corn kernels. Monohybrid crosses dihybrid crosses genotype phenotype first. Count the number of purple and yellow kernels in five of the rows on your ear of corn and record the number on the chart. The genetic diversity of twentytwo sweet corn cultivars seventeen open pollinated varieties, opv, and five hybrids. Epistasis is a form of gene interaction in which one gene masks the phenotypic expression of another. Specific combining ability sca variance was larger than general combining ability gca variance for.
Similarly a gene in the su locus can express either a starchy kernel or a sweet kernel. To facilitate quicker generation, the laboratory of james birchler developed a fast flowering minimaize that can go from seed to seed in 60 days. Patients frequently have difficulty understanding these concepts, and a few examples are provided of problems encountered in genetic counselling. We will then examine ears of corn purple results from the dominant allele p, and yellow from the continue reading monohybrid corn lab. Genetics and chisquare problem set page 1 answer key biology 164 laboratory genetics and chisquare. Each kernel on an ear of genetic corn represents an offspring. Carolinatm quantitative analysis and statistics for ap biology. An ear of corn is actually a collection of over a hundred offspring, neatly packaged onto a cob, able to be stored long term, perfect for studying genetics. The students collect data and calculate the phenotypic ratio of a corn cob representing a dihybrid cross. Mendelian genetics of corn lab answer key corn mendelian genetics staff web server mendelian genetics objectives.
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